Brain cancer
Brain cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the brain or spinal cord. It can be a primary brain tumor, which means it starts in the brain, or a metastatic brain tumor, which means it has spread from cancer elsewhere in the body. Brain tumors can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors are noncancerous and do not spread. Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the brain or spinal cord.
Brain cancer is the second most common type of cancer in children under the age of 15. It is also the eighth most common type of cancer in adults. The exact cause of brain cancer is unknown, but there are a number of risk factors, including:
- Age: Brain cancer is more common in older adults.
- Gender: Men are more likely than women to develop brain cancer.
- Race: Whites are more likely than blacks or Hispanics to develop brain cancer.
- Family history: Having a family history of brain cancer increases your risk of developing the disease.
- Radiation exposure: People who have been exposed to high levels of radiation, such as those who have undergone radiation therapy for another cancer, are at increased risk of brain cancer.
- Certain medical conditions: Some medical conditions, such as neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis, increase your risk of brain cancer.
The symptoms of brain cancer can vary depending on the location and size of the tumor. Some common symptoms include:
- Headaches
- Seizures
- Nausea and vomiting
- Vision problems
- Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
- Changes in mood or personality
- Difficulty walking or balancing
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor right away. Early diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer can improve your chances of survival.
Treatment for brain cancer depends on the type, location, and size of the tumor, as well as your age and overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy.
The prognosis for brain cancer varies depending on the type and stage of the cancer. Overall, the five-year survival rate for people with brain cancer is about 36%. However, the survival rate can be much higher for people with certain types of brain tumors, such as meningiomas.
If you have been diagnosed with brain cancer, it is important to talk to your doctor about your treatment options and your prognosis. You should also seek support from family and friends, or join a support group for people with brain cancer.
